Showing posts with label AC Simulator - Train Driving Techniques. Show all posts
Showing posts with label AC Simulator - Train Driving Techniques. Show all posts
1/06/2021
AC Simulator - KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED BY LOCO PILOT ( एक अच्छे लोको पायलट की गुणवत्ता )
KNOWLEDGE REQUIRED BY LOCO PILOT FOR DRIVING TECHNIQUE
"All Loco Pilots should have Sound road knowledge & Self-confidence to operate / handle loco & train."
1. Knowledge of driving rules.
2. Knowledge of train management.
3. Knowledge of brake management.
4. Reduce brake wear & tear.
5. Reduce damage of couplets.
6. Use less energy.
7. Maintain punctuality.
AC Simulator - TRAIN HANDLING IN SAG OR DIP GRADIENT (सैग या डिप में गाडी का संचालन )
TRAIN HANDLING IN SAG OR DIP GRADIENT
Starting of train from sag or dip gradient
i) Advance MP to notch 1 st and note the increase of current on the ammeter.
ii) Release SA-9 (loco brakes) and wait for the release of the locomotive brakes.
iii) After a few second pause advance the MP and again note the ammeter indication. If necessary advance the MP to position 3 rd or 4 th notch.
iv) If acceleration is too rapid, reduce notches 1 or more. When the complete train is in a stretched condition & in motion, slowly advance the MP as required.
AC Simulator - DYNAMIC BRAKE (डायनामिक ब्रेक)
DYNAMIC BRAKE
Purpose of Dynamic Brake
The dynamic brake is used as retarding brake to control the speed of a train. It is not intended that the dynamic brake alone will always limit the train to the desired speed and, at times, the automatic train brakes may have to be applied in conjunction with the dynamic brake to control the train at the desired speed.
Principal of the Dynamic Brake
The dynamic brake, although similar in effect to an independent air brake application, is fully electrical and does not produce friction between the brake shoes and wheels, thereby avoiding heat and wear on these components.
AC Simulator - TRAIN HANDLING IN UNDULATING GRADIENT ( उतार चढ़ाव (अंडूलेटिंग ) वाले ग्रेडीयेंट पर गाड़ी का संचालन )
TRAIN HANDLING IN UNDULATING GRADIENT
Required knowledge in undulating gradient In some undulating areas, the track profile is of such severity that it is virtually impossible to control slack action without generating high draw bar force levels within the train. Skilful operation by the Loco Pilot can reduce the severity of the slack changes to a tolerable degree. To properly negotiate such undulating gradient, it is essential that the Loco Pilot have knowledge of:
i) Total length of the train.
ii) Total tonnage of the train.
iii) Location of terrain features and speed boards.
iv) Locomotive capabilities.
AC Simulator - TRAIN HANDLING ON DESCENDING (DOWN) GRADE (डाउन (डिसेंडिंग) ग्रेडियेंट का संचालन )
TRAIN HANDLING ON DESCENDING (DOWN) GRADE
Starting of train in descending grade
Assuming train brakes & loco brakes are applied
i) Release loco brakes first then release train brakes.
iii) Pickup & maintain the maximum speed.
iv) If necessary use Train / dynamic brake to avoid over speeding.
AC Simulator - TRAIN HANDLING ON AN ASCENDING (UP) GRADE (अप असेंडिंग ग्रेडीयेट पर गाड़ी का संचालन )
TRAIN HANDLING ON AN ASCENDING (UP) GRADE
Starting procedure in ascending grade Assuming train brakes are applied
i) Move MP to take 3 or 4 notches (Keep watch on Ammeter)
ii) Release SA-9 (loco brake)
iv) Wait for few seconds until the Ammeter reading stops increasing and begin to reduce.
v) Advance WMP, wait for few second as
iv) for achieving maximum speed. Zonal Railway Training Institute, Central Railway, Bhusawal ©AC Loco Simulator.
AC Simulator - TRAIN HANDLING ON A LEVEL SECTION (लेवल सेक्शन में गाड़ी का संचालन )
TRAIN HANDLING PROCEDURES IN DIFFERENT GRADIENTS
(Starting, Negotiating & Stopping of train)
TRAIN HANDLING ON A LEVEL SECTION
Starting of train from level section
i) Keep train brakes in released condition.
ii) Move MP to take 1 notch and simultaneously release SA-9.
iii) Wait for few seconds until the Ammeter reading stops increasing and begin to reduce.
v) If necessary, advance the MP to 3 or 4 notches but always wait for a few second {as in (iii)} between each notch position.
vi) When the train is in a stretched condition and in motion, slowly advance the MP as required {as in (iii)} for achieving maximum speed of the train.
AC Simulator - Type & definition of gradients (ढालो के प्रकार एवं परिभाषाये )
Type & definition of gradients
AC Simulator - Engineman ship (इंजिमनशिप )
Engineman ship
It is the capability of a Loco Pilots to handle his loco along with its trailing load, so that it reaches destination in time in a most economic manner and without adversely affecting safety. Poor engineman ship adversely affects all these requirements. Same is also a contributory factor leading at times to train parting, and on other occasions result in stalling, passing signal at danger, brake binding, loco failure or even derailment. Such of these factors, which are associated with Loco Pilots enginemen ship.
How the tractive effort exceeds the tensile strength ?
1. Due to sudden notching up.
2. Sudden application of brakes from rear.
3. Notching up with out proper recreation of vacuum/ air.
AC Simulator - TRAIN PARTING ( ट्रेन विभाजन )
TRAIN PARTING
Train parting is a common unusual occurrence affecting the train movement. There are number of contributing factors towards train parting such as poor driving technique, inadequate maintenance, material failure, improper marshalling, loco troubles, etc.
When The Train Parting Takes Place?
1. If the tractive force exceeds the tensile strength of the coupling system.
AC Simulator - COUPLER POSITIONS (कपलर स्थितियां )
COUPLER POSITIONS
COUPLER EXTENSION:
Movement of two couplers in opposite outer direction is called coupler extension. ( This happens during run out)
COUPLER COMPRESSION
Movement of two couplers in opposite inner direction is called coupler compression. (This happens during run in)
AC Simulator - Comparison between driving a road vehicle & train (आम वाहन तथा रेल गाड़ी में अंतर )
COMPARISON BETWEEN DRIVING A ROAD VEHICLE AND TRAIN
Just as we expect from a road vehicle driver that he should drive his vehicle smoothly and safely, so is the expectation of public at large from the train driver. The similarity however, ends here, as there is a marked difference in the Zonal Railway Training Institute, Central Railway, Bhusawal functioning and appreciation involved in train working. Some of the major areas are as below: -
1. The road vehicle by virtue of its size is fully under the control of the driver who has to focus his driving skills over a short distance, and is fully in control of the vehicle with regard to speeding or slowing down, or even bring it to a sudden halt. On the other hand, with the trailing load running into thousands of tones along with the locomotive forms one unit, which the driver has to control. To compound the problem, the entire mass (or vehicle as it can be termed in comparison to the road unit) is elastic associated with linked dynamics.
2. While for the road driver it is not a pre-requisite to know the route on which he has to travel, the train driver is required to be fully familiar of not only the section on which the train is to be worked but even the sectional geographical condition.
ADVANTAGE OF SIMULATOR TRAINIG ( सिमुलेटर प्रशिक्षण के फायदे )
ADVANTAGE OF SIMULATOR TRAINIG :
- To reduce energy consumption.
- For reducing Brake wear.
- To improve overall performance & confidence of Loco Pilots.
- To minimise coupler damages.
- To minimise stalling cases.
- To reduce in-train coupler forces resulting in train parting or break in two and derailment.
- To maximise safety, punctuality, comfort to passengers, and minimise damage to man, material and money. For improvement in reliability.
- To increase the confidence of Loco Pilots in their own ability.
- To reduce on line training time. To ensure consistency in training.
AC Simulator - WHY SIMULATOR TRAINING IS REQUIRED ? ( सिमुलर प्रशिक्षण क्यों आवश्यक है )
WHY SIMULATOR TRAINING IS REQUIRED ?
Driving of train looks so easy; the singleman does all the steering, and is to stop when required. However, accidents prove that driving a train is not quite so simple as it looks. The driver must continuously watch out and obey every signal, without fail. He must always be on the alert and must never loose his concentration for an instant.
The method to be used in dirving a train depends upon many factors such as, the type of locomotive being used; load and length of the train and amount of slack in the train; the weather, topography and track condition. Since all these factors are variable, so finally the operator whose good judgment in applying his skill that leads to smooth and accident free train running.
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